What the integral is adding up

A surface integral accumulates a scalar field over a curved patch. Each tiny piece contributes its function value times its own surface area.

That is why the integrand becomes f(r(u,v))lVertruimesrvVertf(r(u,v))lVert r_u imes r_v Vert after you switch to parameters uu and vv.

Use the preview to sanity-check the patch shape before trusting the numeric estimate.

Input tips

  • Write the surface as [x(u,v),y(u,v),z(u,v)][x(u,v), y(u,v), z(u,v)].
  • Bounds can use math constants like pipi.
  • Increase the grid steps when you want a tighter numerical approximation.
  • Start with a preset if you want to confirm the format quickly.